Nonvisual Multisensory Impairment of Body Perception in Anorexia Nervosa: A Systematic Review of Neuropsychological Studies
Identifieur interne : 000F88 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000F87; suivant : 000F89Nonvisual Multisensory Impairment of Body Perception in Anorexia Nervosa: A Systematic Review of Neuropsychological Studies
Auteurs : Santino Gaudio [Italie] ; Samantha Jane Brooks [Afrique du Sud, Suède] ; Giuseppe Riva [Italie]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
Body image distortion is a central symptom of Anorexia Nervosa (AN). Even if corporeal awareness is multisensory majority of AN studies mainly investigated visual misperception. We systematically reviewed AN studies that have investigated different nonvisual sensory inputs using an integrative multisensory approach to body perception. We also discussed the findings in the light of AN neuroimaging evidence.
PubMed and PsycINFO were searched until March, 2014. To be included in the review, studies were mainly required to: investigate a sample of patients with current or past AN and a control group and use tasks that directly elicited one or more nonvisual sensory domains.
Thirteen studies were included. They studied a total of 223 people with current or past AN and 273 control subjects. Overall, results show impairment in tactile and proprioceptive domains of body perception in AN patients. Interoception and multisensory integration have been poorly explored directly in AN patients. A limitation of this review is the relatively small amount of literature available.
Our results showed that AN patients had a multisensory impairment of body perception that goes beyond visual misperception and involves tactile and proprioceptive sensory components. Furthermore, impairment of tactile and proprioceptive components may be associated with parietal cortex alterations in AN patients. Interoception and multisensory integration have been weakly explored directly. Further research, using multisensory approaches as well as neuroimaging techniques, is needed to better define the complexity of body image distortion in AN.
The review suggests an altered capacity of AN patients in processing and integration of bodily signals: body parts are experienced as dissociated from their holistic and perceptive dimensions. Specifically, it is likely that not only perception but memory, and in particular sensorimotor/proprioceptive memory, probably shapes bodily experience in patients with AN.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110087
PubMed: 25303480
PubMed Central: 4193894
Affiliations:
- Afrique du Sud, Italie, Suède
- East Middle Sweden, Latium, Svealand
- Rome, Uppsala
- Université d'Uppsala
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Brooks</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cape Town</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, BMC, Uppsala, Sweden</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, BMC, Uppsala</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université d'Uppsala</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Uppsala</settlement><region nuts="1">Svealand</region><region nuts="1">East Middle 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uniqKey="Gaudio S" first="Santino" last="Gaudio">Santino Gaudio</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Centre for Integrated Research (CIR), Area of Diagnostic Imaging, Università “Campus Bio-Medico di Roma”, Rome, Italy</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Integrated Research (CIR), Area of Diagnostic Imaging, Università “Campus Bio-Medico di Roma”, Rome</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Rome</settlement><region nuts="2">Latium</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brooks, Samantha Jane" sort="Brooks, Samantha Jane" uniqKey="Brooks S" first="Samantha Jane" last="Brooks">Samantha Jane Brooks</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cape Town</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, BMC, Uppsala, Sweden</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, BMC, Uppsala</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université d'Uppsala</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Uppsala</settlement><region nuts="1">Svealand</region><region nuts="1">East Middle Sweden</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Riva, Giuseppe" sort="Riva, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Riva G" first="Giuseppe" last="Riva">Giuseppe Riva</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Milan</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Milan</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Body image distortion is a central symptom of Anorexia Nervosa (AN). Even if corporeal awareness is multisensory majority of AN studies mainly investigated visual misperception. We systematically reviewed AN studies that have investigated different nonvisual sensory inputs using an integrative multisensory approach to body perception. We also discussed the findings in the light of AN neuroimaging evidence.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>PubMed and PsycINFO were searched until March, 2014. To be included in the review, studies were mainly required to: investigate a sample of patients with current or past AN and a control group and use tasks that directly elicited one or more nonvisual sensory domains.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Thirteen studies were included. They studied a total of 223 people with current or past AN and 273 control subjects. Overall, results show impairment in tactile and proprioceptive domains of body perception in AN patients. Interoception and multisensory integration have been poorly explored directly in AN patients. A limitation of this review is the relatively small amount of literature available.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Our results showed that AN patients had a multisensory impairment of body perception that goes beyond visual misperception and involves tactile and proprioceptive sensory components. Furthermore, impairment of tactile and proprioceptive components may be associated with parietal cortex alterations in AN patients. Interoception and multisensory integration have been weakly explored directly. Further research, using multisensory approaches as well as neuroimaging techniques, is needed to better define the complexity of body image distortion in AN.</p></sec><sec><title>Key Findings</title><p>The review suggests an altered capacity of AN patients in processing and integration of bodily signals: body parts are experienced as dissociated from their holistic and perceptive dimensions. Specifically, it is likely that not only perception but memory, and in particular sensorimotor/proprioceptive memory, probably shapes bodily experience in patients with AN.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Arcelus, J" uniqKey="Arcelus J">J Arcelus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mitchell, Aj" uniqKey="Mitchell A">AJ Mitchell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wales, J" uniqKey="Wales J">J Wales</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nielsen, S" uniqKey="Nielsen S">S Nielsen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kaye, Wh" uniqKey="Kaye W">WH Kaye</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wierenga, Ce" uniqKey="Wierenga C">CE Wierenga</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bailer, Uf" uniqKey="Bailer U">UF Bailer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Simmons, An" uniqKey="Simmons A">AN Simmons</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bischoff 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uniqKey="Haggard P">P Haggard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Treasure, J" uniqKey="Treasure J">J Treasure</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mussap, Aj" uniqKey="Mussap A">AJ Mussap</name></author><author><name sortKey="Salton, N" uniqKey="Salton N">N Salton</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Li, Y" uniqKey="Li Y">Y Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Randerath, J" uniqKey="Randerath J">J Randerath</name></author><author><name sortKey="Goldenberg, G" uniqKey="Goldenberg G">G Goldenberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hermsdorfer, J" uniqKey="Hermsdorfer J">J Hermsdörfer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Legrand, D" uniqKey="Legrand D">D Legrand</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Afrique du Sud</li><li>Italie</li><li>Suède</li></country><region><li>East Middle Sweden</li><li>Latium</li><li>Svealand</li></region><settlement><li>Rome</li><li>Uppsala</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université d'Uppsala</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Italie"><region name="Latium"><name sortKey="Gaudio, Santino" sort="Gaudio, Santino" uniqKey="Gaudio S" first="Santino" last="Gaudio">Santino Gaudio</name></region><name sortKey="Riva, Giuseppe" sort="Riva, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Riva G" first="Giuseppe" last="Riva">Giuseppe Riva</name><name sortKey="Riva, Giuseppe" sort="Riva, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Riva G" first="Giuseppe" last="Riva">Giuseppe Riva</name></country><country name="Afrique du Sud"><noRegion><name sortKey="Brooks, Samantha Jane" sort="Brooks, Samantha Jane" uniqKey="Brooks S" first="Samantha Jane" last="Brooks">Samantha Jane Brooks</name></noRegion></country><country name="Suède"><region name="Svealand"><name sortKey="Brooks, Samantha Jane" sort="Brooks, Samantha Jane" uniqKey="Brooks S" first="Samantha Jane" last="Brooks">Samantha Jane 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